![]() Next, perform controlled ventilation using a face mask with 100%oxygen until the patient begins breathing spontaneously.įinally, using EEG, measure ictal regularity, seizure time, and greater post-ictal suppression. After the patient's eyes are opened by an examiner, press the device button and measure maximum resting pupil size or minimum pupil size after stimulation. Then, immediately after electrical stimulation, hold the automated infrared pupillometer over one of the patient's eyes. After anesthetizing the patient, begin the electroconvulsive therapy or ECT procedure by using an ECT instrument set at an initial electrical stimulus dose percentage at half the value of the patient's age. Lastly, attach two electromyogram sensors to the left anterior tibial muscle with a distance of five centimeters to measure generalized seizure time in the lower leg. Next, prepare a tourniquet and belt it at the left thigh. Then, attach the electrocardiogram or ECG monitors at the base of the heart and cardiac apex and monitor heart rate. ![]() Clean bilateral temples with normal saline and then attach adhesive electrical stimulation pads to the bilateral temples to prevent interference in the stimulation due to hair. Next, attach electroencephalogram or EEG monitors at four symmetrical points. Begin by cleaning the right and left forehead and the area behind the ears with an alcohol cotton swab. Additionally, the white light used for measuring light reflexes is not overly bright and harmful for patients. Pupillary response measurement using an automated infrared pupillometer can be conducted in a simple, precise, and objective way and not be affected by anesthetic agents or anti-hypertensive drugs. ![]() This proposed method might be particularly useful for patients who have been administered anti-hypertensive drugs during ECT. On the other hand, pupillary responses can reflect sympathetic nervous activity or the degree of brain damage. The efficacy of ECT, electroconvulsive therapy, has been evaluated based on electroencephalography and increases in BP or HR, however, an increasing number of patient have adapted to ECT and rates of cardiovascular disease are increasing.
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